This project deals with the calculation of the
energy meter billing based on the load consumption given as an input using set
up buttons. The microcontroller calculates the rupees that will be consumed by
the loads as per the input given and displays it on the 16X2 LCD interfaced
with the microcontroller. This project is powered by an on-board power supply
takes the ac power and converts it into dc power that is fed to on-board
devices and integrated circuits. The microcontroller used in the project is of
8051 family which is of 8 bit. In the project we use the setup buttons which
are used for entering the price of the unit. The power supply consists of a
step down transformer 230/12V, which steps down the voltage to 12V AC. This is
converted to DC using a Bridge rectifier. The ripples are removed using a
capacitive filter and it is then regulated to +5V using a voltage regulator
7805 which is required for the operation of the microcontroller and other
components.
Hardware
Requirements:
Transformer, Diodes, Capacitors, Resistors,
LEDS, Micro controller unit, White LEDs, energy meter, opto-isolator, push
buttons, Crystal Oscillator.
Software
Requirements:
Kiel compiler, Language: Embedded C or
Assembly.
This practical temperature controller controls
the temperature of any device according to its requirement for any industrial
application. It also displays the temperature on an LCD displays in the range
of -55°C to +125°C. At the heart of the circuit is the microcontroller from
8051 family which controls all its functions. An IC DS1621 is used as
temperature sensor. The DS1621 Digital Thermometer and Thermostat provides
9-bit temperature readings, which indicate the temperature of the device.
User-defined temperature settings are stored in a nonvolatile memory EEPROM
through 8051 series microcontroller .Maximum and minimum temperature settings
are entered to the MC through a set of switches which are stored in the EEPROM
-24C02.Maximum and minimum setting are meant for allowing any hysteresis
necessary. Set button is used first and then the temperature setting by INC and
then the enter button. Similarly for the DEC button. A relay is driven from the
MC through a transistor driver. The contact of the relay is used for the load,
shown as a lamp in the circuit. For high power heater load a contactor may be
used, the coil of which is operated by the relay contacts in place of the lamp
as shown. Standard power supply of 12 volt DC and 5 volt through a regulator
are made from a step down transformer along with a bridge rectifier and filter
capacitor.
Hardware Requirement
·
Transformer
·
Voltage regulator
·
Diodes
·
Registers
·
Microcontroller
(AT89S52)
·
Temperature sensor
(DS1621)
·
Capacitors
·
Relay
·
Lamp
·
BC547
·
LCD(16×2)
Software Requirement
·
Keil compiler
·
Voltage Regulator
Embedded C
Salient Features:
Syllabus Contents:
Embedded C:
Some of the Real Time Project -
·
Automatic Wireless Health Monitoring
System in Hospitals for Patients
ü Automatic Wireless Health Monitoring
System in Hospitals for Patients Automatic Wireless Health Monitoring System in
Hospitals for Patients is a wireless…
·
Remote Monitoring Of Patient Body
Temperature over Internet
ü Remote monitoring of patient body
temperature over internet remote monitoring of patient body temperature over
internet. The main aim of the…
·
IOT Based Electricity Energy Meter
Reading through Internet
ü IOT based electricity energy meter
reading through internet IOT based electricity energy meter reading through
internet. The main objective of…
·
Distance Calculation for Underground
Cable Fault Using GSM
ü Distance calculation for underground
cable fault using GSM the objective of this project is to determine the
distance of underground…
·
Ultra Fast Acting Electronic Circuit
Breaker
ü Ultra fast acting electronic circuit
breaker the project is designed to shut down the power supply when it is…
·
Speed Control Unit Designed for a DC
ü Motor Speed control unit designed for
a dc motor speed control unit designed for a dc motor. The project is designed
to…
·
Programmable Switching Control for
Industrial Automation in Repetitive Nature of Work
ü Programmable switching control for
industrial automation in repetitive nature of work…
(Read More)
·
Programmable Energy Auditing Equipment
for Industry for Instantaneous Electrical Load Survey
ü Programmable energy auditing
equipment industry Instantaneous electrical load survey. This…
·
Practical Temperature Controller
ü Practical temperature controller this
practical temperature controller controls the temperature of any device
according to its requirement for any industrial…
·
PC Based Electrical Load Control
ü PC Based Electrical Load Control the
Aim of This Project Is To Control The Electrical Appliances Through A Personal
Computer…
The objective of this project is to determine the distance of
underground cable fault from the base station in kilometers. Underground cable
system is a common practice followed in major urban areas. While a fault occurs
for some reason, at that time the repairing process related to that particular
cable is difficult due to exact unknown location of the fault in the cable.
Proposed system is used to find out the exact location of the fault and to send
an SMS with details to a remote mobile phone using GSM module.
The project uses the standard theory of Ohms law, i.e., when
a low DC voltage is applied at the feeder end through a series resistor (Cable
lines), then the current would vary depending upon the location of the fault in
the cable as the resistance is proportional to the distance. In case there is a
short circuit (Line to Ground), the voltage across series resistors changes
according to the resistance that changes with distance .This is then fed to an
ADC to develop precise digital data which the programmed microcontroller of the
8051 family displays in kilometers.
The project is assembled with a set of resistors representing
the cable length in km and the fault creation is made by a set of switches at
every known km to cross check the accuracy of the same. The fault occurring at
a particular distance, the respective phase along with the distance is
displayed on the LCD. The same information is also sent to the concerned
authority mobile phone over GSM, interfaced to the microcontroller.
Furthermore, this project can be enhanced by using capacitor
in an AC circuit to measure the impedance which can even locate the open
circuited cable, unlike the short circuited fault that uses only resistors in
DC circuit as followed in the above proposed project.
Hardware Requirements:
8051 series Microcontroller, LCD, Crystal, ADC, Relays, Relay
Driver IC, Transformer, Diodes, Voltage Regulator, Resistors, Capacitors, LEDs,
slide switches, max232, and GSM module.
Software Requirements:
Keil Compiler Language: Embedded C or Assembly.
The aim of this project is to control the electrical
appliances through a personal computer (PC). For example, theatre lighting can
be centrally controlled form the PC for better stage management. Presently,
they are manually managed which makes it difficult to coordinate the lighting
with the respective scene. With this system, one can control the electrical
appliances ON/OFF by just being seated at one place using a PC.
This system is integrated with the electrical loads and also
connected to the PC where centralized control takes place. It uses an RS-232
protocol from the microcontroller to communicate with the PC. To turn on/off
the appliances, we use Hyper Terminal on PC. Once the connection is established
with the PC, then the system starts working. The microcontroller used in this
project belongs to 8051 family.
This project can be further enhanced by implementing a GUI
based control panel on the PC with appropriate embedded software. The intensity
control can also be incorporated using power electronics devices.
Note: The project works only on operating systems
having hyper terminal (E.g. Windows XP). The computer must have a RS232 serial
port.
Hardware Requirements:
8051 series Microcontroller, Level Shifter IC, DB Connector,
Relays, Relay Driver, Transformer, Diodes, capacitors, Resistors, LED, Crystal,
Lamps.
Software Requirements:
Keil compiler
Language: Embedded C or Assembly
The project is designed to switch industrial loads using a
user programmable logic control device for sequential operation. This operation
is generally used for repetitive nature of work. Programmable logic controllers
used in industrial applications are very expensive for simple operations like
sequential switching of loads. The development of this application requires the
configuration of the program through input switches.
In industries, there are many tasks are carried out which
requires some repeated operation in various orders and time intervals. For
example, certain loads need to be switched ON/OFF in specific time intervals.
In set mode, through timers, the machinery works based on input time set by the
user where as in auto mode it works on default time settings and finally in the
manual mode it functions while respective switches are pressed depending on the
users need and flexibility. All the modes and status of loads are displayed on
an LCD.
The analysis carried out in this project highlights the
concepts, working, advantages and practical applications of programmable logic
controllers, along with a comparison with other control systems for industrial
automation in repetitive nature of work. This operation is generally used for
repetitive nature of work the main objective of the project is to design of any
load using embedded system based microcontroller concept. It uses
microcontroller from the 8051 family, which is of 8-bit. The development of
this application requires the configuration of microcontroller architecture -
that is, the selection of the machines, and writing debugging of the
application program. In this project, the clock plays an important role,
wherein it is used in these modes: the set mode, auto mode and manual mode for
controlling different machines. In the set mode - through the inbuilt digital
clock - the machinery runs based on the On or Off and on time, whereas in
an auto mode, it runs through default settings; and, finally in the manual
mode, the real-time systems used extensively in the industrial control
applications can run depending on the users need and flexibility.
The power supply consists of a step- down transformer
230/12V, which steps down the voltage to 12V AC. This is converted to DC using
a Bridge rectifier. The ripples are removed using a capacitive filter, and it
is then regulated to +5V using a voltage regulator 7805, which is required for
the operation of the microcontroller and other components.
This project deals with the calculation of the
energy meter billing based on the load consumption given as an input using set
up buttons. The microcontroller calculates the rupees that will be consumed by
the loads as per the input given and displays it on the 16X2 LCD interfaced
with the microcontroller. This project is powered by an on-board power supply
takes the ac power and converts it into dc power that is fed to on-board
devices and integrated circuits. The microcontroller used in the project is of
8051 family which is of 8 bit. In the project we use the setup buttons which
are used for entering the price of the unit. The power supply consists of a
step down transformer 230/12V, which steps down the voltage to 12V AC. This is
converted to DC using a Bridge rectifier. The ripples are removed using a
capacitive filter and it is then regulated to +5V using a voltage regulator
7805 which is required for the operation of the microcontroller and other
components.
Hardware
Requirements:
Transformer, Diodes, Capacitors, Resistors,
LEDS, Micro controller unit, White LEDs, energy meter, opto-isolator, push
buttons, Crystal Oscillator.
Software
Requirements:
Kiel compiler, Language: Embedded C or
Assembly.
This practical temperature controller controls
the temperature of any device according to its requirement for any industrial
application. It also displays the temperature on an LCD displays in the range
of -55°C to +125°C. At the heart of the circuit is the microcontroller from
8051 family which controls all its functions. An IC DS1621 is used as
temperature sensor. The DS1621 Digital Thermometer and Thermostat provides
9-bit temperature readings, which indicate the temperature of the device.
User-defined temperature settings are stored in a nonvolatile memory EEPROM
through 8051 series microcontroller .Maximum and minimum temperature settings
are entered to the MC through a set of switches which are stored in the EEPROM
-24C02.Maximum and minimum setting are meant for allowing any hysteresis
necessary. Set button is used first and then the temperature setting by INC and
then the enter button. Similarly for the DEC button. A relay is driven from the
MC through a transistor driver. The contact of the relay is used for the load,
shown as a lamp in the circuit. For high power heater load a contactor may be
used, the coil of which is operated by the relay contacts in place of the lamp
as shown. Standard power supply of 12 volt DC and 5 volt through a regulator
are made from a step down transformer along with a bridge rectifier and filter
capacitor.
Hardware Requirement
·
Transformer
·
Voltage regulator
·
Diodes
·
Registers
·
Microcontroller
(AT89S52)
·
Temperature sensor
(DS1621)
·
Capacitors
·
Relay
·
Lamp
·
BC547
·
LCD(16×2)
Software Requirement
·
Keil compiler
·
Voltage Regulator
Embedded C
The objective of this project is to determine the distance of
underground cable fault from the base station in kilometers. Underground cable
system is a common practice followed in major urban areas. While a fault occurs
for some reason, at that time the repairing process related to that particular
cable is difficult due to exact unknown location of the fault in the cable.
Proposed system is used to find out the exact location of the fault and to send
an SMS with details to a remote mobile phone using GSM module.
The project uses the standard theory of Ohms law, i.e., when
a low DC voltage is applied at the feeder end through a series resistor (Cable
lines), then the current would vary depending upon the location of the fault in
the cable as the resistance is proportional to the distance. In case there is a
short circuit (Line to Ground), the voltage across series resistors changes
according to the resistance that changes with distance .This is then fed to an
ADC to develop precise digital data which the programmed microcontroller of the
8051 family displays in kilometers.
The project is assembled with a set of resistors representing
the cable length in km and the fault creation is made by a set of switches at
every known km to cross check the accuracy of the same. The fault occurring at
a particular distance, the respective phase along with the distance is
displayed on the LCD. The same information is also sent to the concerned
authority mobile phone over GSM, interfaced to the microcontroller.
Furthermore, this project can be enhanced by using capacitor
in an AC circuit to measure the impedance which can even locate the open
circuited cable, unlike the short circuited fault that uses only resistors in
DC circuit as followed in the above proposed project.
Hardware Requirements:
8051 series Microcontroller, LCD, Crystal, ADC, Relays, Relay
Driver IC, Transformer, Diodes, Voltage Regulator, Resistors, Capacitors, LEDs,
slide switches, max232, and GSM module.
Software Requirements:
Keil Compiler Language: Embedded C or Assembly.
The aim of this project is to control the electrical
appliances through a personal computer (PC). For example, theatre lighting can
be centrally controlled form the PC for better stage management. Presently,
they are manually managed which makes it difficult to coordinate the lighting
with the respective scene. With this system, one can control the electrical
appliances ON/OFF by just being seated at one place using a PC.
This system is integrated with the electrical loads and also
connected to the PC where centralized control takes place. It uses an RS-232
protocol from the microcontroller to communicate with the PC. To turn on/off
the appliances, we use Hyper Terminal on PC. Once the connection is established
with the PC, then the system starts working. The microcontroller used in this
project belongs to 8051 family.
This project can be further enhanced by implementing a GUI
based control panel on the PC with appropriate embedded software. The intensity
control can also be incorporated using power electronics devices.
Note: The project works only on operating systems
having hyper terminal (E.g. Windows XP). The computer must have a RS232 serial
port.
Hardware Requirements:
8051 series Microcontroller, Level Shifter IC, DB Connector,
Relays, Relay Driver, Transformer, Diodes, capacitors, Resistors, LED, Crystal,
Lamps.
Software Requirements:
Keil compiler
Language: Embedded C or Assembly
